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- Title
Factors associated with tetanus toxoid vaccine utilization among reproductive-age women in Debre Markos town, Ethiopia, 2021: a cross-sectional study.
- Authors
Tamiru, Yihunnie Dessie; Sendo, Endalew Gemechu; Deressa, Jembere Tesfaye
- Abstract
Background: The risk of neonatal tetanus infection will be reduced when the pregnant woman takes two doses of the maternal tetanus toxoid vaccine. In Ethiopia, however, low immunization coverage levels, mostly due to missed opportunities, are a concern. The study's main objective of the study was to assess tetanus toxoid immunization utilization coverage and associated factors among postnatal mothers in Debre Markos town, Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 505 mothers who had given birth in the last 12 months. A two-stage stratified sampling technique was applied, and the The participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were entered into EpiData manager version 4.6.0 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25 software. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) at 95% CIs were used to identify factors associated with tetanus toxoid immunization utilization. Results: The total tetanus vaccine intake (TT+2) doses were 71.2% (95% CI: 67.4–76.2). Mothers who attended primary school (AOR: 0.07, 95% CI: (0.01–0.6)), mothers whose husbands had secondary education (AOR: 0.26, 95% CI: (0.08–0.84)), mothers who attended 2–3 times antenatal care (ANC) visit (AOR: 0.05, 95% CI: (0.01–0.3)), good quality service (AOR: 2.8, 95% CI: (1.05–7.5)), appropriate behavior of health workers (AOR: 6.2, 95% CI: (2.2–18.7)), and who visited health extension workers (AOR: 7.6, 95% CI: (2.3–25.3)) were significantly associated with TT vaccine utilization. Conclusion: Only three out of four pregnant women received the current TT vaccine during their previous pregnancy. The most influencing factors in TT vaccine utilization were the mother and her husband's low educational level, 2–3 times ANC visits during pregnancy, the standard of healthcare service, the healthcare provider's behavior, and the mother's visits with health extension staff. Plain language summary: Maternal and neonatal mortality due to lack of tetanus toxoid vaccine Maternal and neonatal mortality is high both in developed and developing countries due to preventable infection. Tetanus is an acute bacterial infection caused by a highly potent neurotoxin that affects the mother and newborn during pregnancy, childbirth, and postnatal. World Health Organization recommended that women of childbearing age benefit from tetanus toxoid immunization. So, assessing tetanus toxoid immunization coverage and their associated factors will help the policy makers for the next planning. The study was employed in the community among 505 childbearing women and found that 71.2% of them were vaccinated with tetanus toxoid dose two (TT++). Even though the women and neonates in the community benefited from the vaccine, only 7.7% of them had cards. Almost 58.8% of the women reported that there was a gap in counseling about the tetanus toxoid vaccine purpose. In this study mother's and husband's educational status, number of Antenatal care visits, perceived quality of service, the behavior of health workers, traveling time to health facilities, and health extension are factors that affected tetanus toxoid vaccine coverage. Finally, the researchers in the area can use this finding as input and conduct further study including qualitative design to explore women's experiences related to the tetanus toxoid vaccine.
- Subjects
ETHIOPIA; CROSS-sectional method; REPRODUCTIVE health; RESEARCH funding; TETANUS vaccines; PUERPERIUM; STATISTICAL sampling; MULTIPLE regression analysis; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; MULTIVARIATE analysis; VACCINATION coverage; PSYCHOLOGY of mothers; STATISTICS; DATA analysis software; CONFIDENCE intervals; SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors
- Publication
Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines & Immunotherapy, 2024, Vol 12, p1
- ISSN
2515-1355
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.1177/25151355241305855