The collectin surfactant protein A (SP-A) is involved in the innate host defense of the lung. It binds to non-self glyco-conjugates on the surface of invading microorganisms. Binding leads to lysis, aggregation and initiation of effector mechanisms that include increased phagocytosis by phagocytic cells and modulation of the inflammatory response. Across species, the gene encoding SP-A has been found in loci containing genes encoding other collectins. In humans, the collectin gene locus encodes SP-A, surfactant protein D and mannan-binding lectin and it maps to chromosome 10q22.3.