How Localized are Language Brain Areas? A Review of Brodmann Areas Involvement in Oral Language.

Ardila, Alfredo; Bernal, Byron; Rosselli, Monica

The interest in understanding how language is "localized" in the brain has existed for centuries. Departing from seven meta-analytic studies of functional magnetic resonance imaging activity during the performance of different language activities, it is proposed here that there are two different language networks in the brain: first, a language reception/understanding system, including a "core Wernicke's area" involved in word recognition (BA21, BA22, BA41, and BA42), and a fringe or peripheral area ("extended Wernicke's area:" BA20, BA37, BA38, BA39, and BA40) involved in language associations (associating words with other information); second, a language production system ("Broca's complex:" BA44, BA45, and also BA46, BA47, partially BA6-mainly its mesial supplementary motor area-and extending toward the basal ganglia and the thalamus). This paper additionally proposes that the insula (BA13) plays a certain coordinating role in interconnecting these two brain language systems.

COGNITIVE processing of language; BRAIN physiology; ORAL communication; MAGNETIC resonance imaging; GANGLIA

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2016, Vol 31, Issue 1, p112

0887-6177

Academic Journal

10.1093/arclin/acv081