The article explains means and standard deviations. It is common when reading a research report to be presented with mean scores and standard deviations. Two statistics from a group - the mean and standard deviation - are particularly important because when combined they give a snapshot that summarizes the entire dataset in a particularly clear and informative way and can also provide the basis for more complex analyses. The mean is the arithmetic average of a set of data, describing a dataset in terms of a typical or central value.