Role of a second transplantation for children with acute leukemia following posttransplantation relapse: a study by the Turkish Bone Marrow Transplantation Study Group.

Hazar, Volkan; Karasu, Gülsün Tezcan; Uygun, Vedat; Özbek, Namık; Karakükçü, Musa; Öztürk, Gülyüz; Daloğlu, Hayriye; Kılıç, Suar Çakı; Aksu, Tekin; Ünal, Ekrem; Koçak, Ülker; Yeşilipek, Akif; Akçay, Arzu; Gürsel, Orhan; Küpesiz, Alphan; Okur, Fatma Visal; İleri, Talia; Kansoy, Savaş; Bayram, İbrahim; Karagün, Barbaros Şahin

We examined outcomes of 51 pediatric patients with relapsed acute leukemia (AL) who underwent a second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). After a median follow-up of 941 days (range, 69–2842 days), leukemia-free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) at 3 years were 26.6% and 25.6%, respectively. The nonrelapse mortality rate (NMR) and cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) were 36.4% and 42.4%, respectively. The Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the risk factors at second transplantation for predicting limited LFS were active disease (hazard ratio (HR) = 5.1), reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) (HR = 5.0), matched unrelated donor (MUD) (HR = 3.4) and performance score <80 (HR = 3.2). Pediatric patients with AL who relapsed after their first alloHSCT may survive with a second alloHSCT. Disease status, conditioning intensity, donor type, and performance score at the second transplantation are the relevant risk factors. A score based on these factors may predict the results of the second transplantation.

BONE marrow transplantation; ACUTE leukemia; HEMATOPOIETIC stem cell transplantation; TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc.

Leukemia & Lymphoma, 2020, Vol 61, Issue 6, p1465

1042-8194

Academic Journal

10.1080/10428194.2020.1716220