The concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in honey: Global systematic review and meta-analysis and risk assessment.

Fakhri, Yadolah; Esfandiari, Zahra; Mehri, Fereshteh; Ranaei, Vahid; Pilevar, Zahra

The papers were searched in databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, Embase, Science Direct until 21 September 2023 and meta-analysis of concentration of PTEs in honey was performed using random effects model based on country subgroups. The non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk were calculated by Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Cancer Risk (CR), respectively. The sort of PTEs in honey based on pooled concentration was Cu (1.10E 02 µg/kg) > Ni (1.80E 01 µg/kg) > Pb (2.60E 00 µg/kg) > Hg (1.50E 00 µg/kg) > Cd (5.10E–01 µg/kg) > As (4.80E–01 µg/kg). The concentration of PTEs in the countries of Ethiopia (As), Jordan (Cd and Pb), Thailand (Ni), Brazil (Cu and MeHg) was observed to be higher than other countries. The non-carcinogenic risk was less than 1, hence, the consumption of honey does not have non-carcinogenic risk. Except children in Nigeria, CR due to iAs in honey was acceptable for the both adults and children in the other countries, Therefore, the consumption of honey does not have carcinogenic risk.

ETHIOPIA; THAILAND; NIGERIA; BRAZIL; JORDAN; TUMOR risk factors; HONEY analysis; ANALYSIS of hazardous substances; HEAVY metals; RISK assessment; MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems; CONSUMER attitudes; MERCURY (Element); CADMIUM; META-analysis; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; FOOD contamination; SYSTEMATIC reviews; MEDLINE; CARCINOGENS; ONLINE information services; LEAD

International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2025, Vol 35, Issue 1, p37

0960-3123

Academic Journal

10.1080/09603123.2024.2341425