L'Architecture Carolingienne en France et en Europe: By François Heber-Suffrin (†) and Christian Sapin. Éditions Picard, Paris, 2021. 299 pp., numerous col. and b/w illus. isbn 978-2-7084-1182-1. €54 (hb).
Brick also appears in Carolingian buildings, both salvaged Roman brick and newly made bricks from the same kilns that produced roof tiles. At Paderborn and Saint-Denis the palace buildings are subsidiary to great churches that show the influence of Roman models. There is a helpful definition of the French terminology for different types of masonry used for wall construction: large and medium ashlar blocks ("grand/moyen appareil"); and most frequently, small blocks dressed on one face ("moellons").