The article reports on a study which investigated whether four common polymorphisms of the interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1 systems are associated with the fat mass measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in elderly men. The study participants, who are 69-81 years of age, came from the Swedish part of the MrOS multicenter population study. The study found that IL-1 and IL-6 systems contain gene polymorphisms that are associated with fat, but not lean, mass in elderly men.