The article discusses research being done on immunology. It references the study "Anopheles NF-KB-regulated splicing factors direct pathogen-specific repertoires of the hypervariable pattern recognition receptor AgDscam," by Y. Dong and colleagues in the 2012 issue of the journal "Cell Host Microbe." It mentions that the study shows that nuclear factor-KB-mediated transcription downstream of the Toll and Imd pathways can shape the Down's syndrome cell adhesion molecule (DSCAM) pathogen.