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- Title
Two Distinct Magma Storage Regions at Ambrym Volcano Detected by Satellite Geodesy.
- Authors
Shreve, T.; Zhan, Y.; Le Mével, H.; Roman, D.; Moussallam, Y.
- Abstract
The flux of eruptible magma into a magmatic plumbing system influences eruption size and timing. If magma transfer is possible between two hydraulically‐connected magma lenses, system destabilization can tap a larger magma volume than stored in any one melt lens. This study identifies two distinct magma reservoirs beneath Ambrym, a basaltic island volcano in Vanuatu, during the time period February 2019 to January 2022. Using InSAR time series and a data assimilation approach, we estimate pressure changes within two reservoirs (located 5–7 and 4–6 km b.s.l.). Furthermore, a theoretical model demonstrates that the reservoirs may not currently be hydraulically connected, despite evidence of physical mixing of magma derived from each reservoir during the December 2018 eruption. These findings further our understanding of how magmatic plumbing systems at basaltic calderas may change after rift‐zone eruptions. Plain Language Summary: To improve eruption forecasting, it is important to put limits of the volume of eruptible magma stored beneath a volcano. There is evidence that regions of magma storage can be approximated by multiple "reservoirs" of magma beneath a single volcano. If magma can be transferred between these reservoirs, more magma may be available when an eruption occurs. We use models of ground displacements measured by satellite over 3 years to identify two reservoirs of magma at Ambrym volcano, located in Vanuatu, from 2019 to 2022. We then estimate how much magma entered or left these respective reservoirs during this time. Finally, we conclude that magma cannot be transferred between the two reservoirs efficiently, which controls the total amount of magma that can erupt at Ambrym. Key Points: At least two deformation sources were active at Ambrym volcano between the 2018 and 2022 eruptionsLava lake drainage caused closed‐system activity in 2019, resulting in uplift from ≥0.122 km3/year of magma inflow into a tilted reservoirParameter space exploration of a theoretical model indicates that the two distinct reservoirs are not efficiently hydraulically connected
- Subjects
VANUATU; VOLCANIC eruptions; MAGMAS; SATELLITE geodesy; VOLCANOES; VOLCANIC activity prediction; SPACE exploration; TIME series analysis; CALDERAS
- Publication
Geophysical Research Letters, 2023, Vol 50, Issue 15, p1
- ISSN
0094-8276
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.1029/2023GL102925