Spontaneous shoot regeneration was observed from Agrobacterium rhizogenes-induced hairy roots of Plumbago indica when these were incubated in liquid MS medium for a period of 3 weeks under continuous light. Insertion of the rolB gene in putative transformed plants was confirmed by PCR and sequencing. Transformed plants grown for a period of 1 week on solid MS medium containing 0.5 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine and then transplanted to growth regulator-free medium showed better overall growth than control plants. Transformed plants had a higher root bio-biomass and an increased plumbagin content relative to non-transformed plants.