Improved energy storage properties of Bi(Mg<sub>2/3</sub>Nb<sub>1/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>-modified 0.8Bi<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>–0.2SrTiO<sub>3</sub> ceramics.
The pursuit of lead-free ceramic capacitors with superior energy storage properties has garnered increasing attention. The energy storage properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) can be feasibly adjusted by forming solid solutions with other components. Herein, 0.8Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–0.2SrTiO3–xBi(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3 (BNT–ST–xBMN) ceramics were synthesized via citrate combustion technology. The results show that BMN-doped BNT–ST ceramics induce dielectric relaxation behavior and slim hysteresis loops are realized. An optimized recoverable energy storage density (Wre of 2.85 J/cm3) and efficiency (η of 83%) are obtained in 1.5 mol% BMN-doped BNT–ST ceramic under relatively low electric field of 200 kV/cm. The ceramics show excellent frequency stability (Wre varies < 1.4% and η varies < 1% at 10 to 100 Hz). Moreover, both Wre and η maintain an increasing trend with increasing temperature.