Copper powder is synthesized by hydrothermal treatment using the copper powder obtained from the chemical reduction method as a precursor. The copper powder is also treated in benzotriazole solution. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns and SEM photomicrographs exhibit that the copper powder possesses perfect crystallinity and narrow size distribution. The thermal behavior of the three kinds of copper powder is evaluated by thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry. Comparing with the sample prepared by means of the chemical reduction method, the copper powder treated under hydrothermal condition displays a peak temperature of the formation of Cu2O shifting from 60.49 °C to higher temperatures, which indicates that it has strong antioxidation performance. However, the antioxidation effect of copper powder treated in benzotriazole solution shows only a little improvement at high temperature