Fast sputter deposition of MoOx/metal/MoOx transparent electrodes on glass and PET substrates.

Goetz, Selina; Wibowo, Rachmat Adhi; Bauch, Martin; Bansal, Neha; Ligorio, Giovanni; List-Kratochvil, Emil; Linke, Christian; Franzke, Enrico; Winkler, Jörg; Valtiner, Markus; Dimopoulos, Theodoros

Dielectric/metal/dielectric (DMD) transparent electrodes emerged as a compelling alternative to the widely used indium-tin-oxide (ITO) for solar cells and optoelectronic devices. DMD electrodes are especially attractive for flexible substrates, as, in contrast to ITO, they retain their low electrical resistance upon substrate bending and they do not require deposition at elevated temperatures. In a DMD, the choice of the dielectric is mainly dictated by the device architecture. Owing to its high work function, MoO3 is a commonly used hole-selective dielectric layer. The present work investigates MoOx/metal/MoOx (with 2 x target, providing high electrical conductivity and compactness. The sputtered electrodes on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates show higher figure-of-merit than similar, evaporated electrodes in the literature. It is shown that the DMD electrodes with amorphous MoOx layers have low stability in water, but they are stable to other solvents, such as toluene, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), chlorobenzene or chloroform, allowing their implementation in devices like organic light-emitting diodes or perovskite solar cells. Further, it is shown that the electrodes show dramatically enhanced mechanical stability compared to ITO, when subjected to tensile bending tests.

GLASS electrodes; SPUTTER deposition; ELECTRIC conductivity; OPTOELECTRONIC devices; SOLAR cells; POLYETHYLENE terephthalate; DIMETHYL sulfoxide

Journal of Materials Science, 2021, Vol 56, Issue 15, p9047

0022-2461

Academic Journal

10.1007/s10853-021-05839-9