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- Title
Far beyond the Amazon: global distribution, environmental suitability, and invasive potential of the two most introduced peacock bass.
- Authors
Franco, Ana Clara Sampaio; Lorini, Maria Lucia; Minsky, Eduardo Motta Carelli; Souza Lima Figueiredo, Marcos; Santos, Luciano Neves
- Abstract
Peacock basses (genus Cichla) are Amazonian piscivorous fish that have been widely introduced into freshwater systems and caused great ecological impacts. Our goal was to assess the worldwide distribution of Cichla ocellaris and C. kelberi to delineate their niche and predict the most suitable areas for their invasion using data available in the scientific literature. We combined ecological niche models to identify hotspots of environmental suitability and invasion risk worldwide, in addition to niche similarity analysis in the geographic space, principal component analysis in the environmental space, and bias metric to assess niche changes between native and non-native ranges. We found 373 records (88 native and 285 non-native populations) for the occurrence of C. kelberi and C. ocellaris in several ecoregions around the world. Native populations were restricted to Amazonian and Tocantins-Araguaia ecoregions. Suitable areas for both species were concentrated within the tropical climatic zone. Amid the top 10 ecoregions more suitable for their occurrence there are four in Africa, one in Asia and also one in Brazil. The Upper Parana ecoregion deserves special highlight due to its prevalence in the number of non-native records and also of suitable areas for new invasions. There was a great increase in the Extent of Occurrence of non-native occurrences compared to native records. We found a moderate niche overlap in the geographical space and a high overlap in the environmental space between native and non-native ranges for both species, suggesting niche conservatism, but with some dissimilarity, higher for C. ocellaris.
- Subjects
AMAZON River Region; SCIENTIFIC literature; ECOLOGICAL models; ECOLOGICAL impact; PRINCIPAL components analysis; PLANT invasions; ECOLOGICAL niche
- Publication
Biological Invasions, 2022, Vol 24, Issue 9, p2851
- ISSN
1387-3547
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.1007/s10530-022-02814-6