Radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer—is it time to change the definition in light of novel redifferentiation therapies?

Petranović Ovčariček, Petra; de Keizer, Bart; Campennì, Alfredo; Kreissl, Michael C.; Deandreis, Desiree; Tuncel, Murat; Giovanella, Luca

The article discusses the evolving understanding of radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer (RAI-R DTC) and the need to redefine it in light of novel redifferentiation therapies. It highlights the limitations of current definitions, the evidence supporting redefinition, and proposes a new framework for defining RAI-R DTC. The proposed new definition views radioiodine sensitivity as a continuum, incorporates genetic and molecular markers, allows for heterogeneity within patients, and considers the potential for response to redifferentiation therapies. Adopting a new definition could have significant implications for patient care, regulatory considerations, and educational programs, but it also presents challenges in implementation and validation.

BRAF genes; EPIDERMAL growth factor receptors; PROTEIN kinase B; MITOGEN-activated protein kinases; GENETIC profile; THYROTROPIN receptors

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging, 2025, Vol 52, Issue 2, p380

1619-7070

Academic Journal

10.1007/s00259-024-06991-5