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- Title
Human brown adipose tissue [O]O PET imaging in the presence and absence of cold stimulus.
- Authors
Din, Mueez; Raiko, Juho; Saari, Teemu; Kudomi, Nobu; Tolvanen, Tuula; Oikonen, Vesa; Teuho, Jarmo; Sipilä, Hannu; Savisto, Nina; Parkkola, Riitta; Nuutila, Pirjo; Virtanen, Kirsi
- Abstract
Purpose: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is considered a potential target for combatting obesity, as it produces heat instead of ATP in cellular respiration due to uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) in mitochondria. However, BAT-specific thermogenic capacity, in comparison to whole-body thermogenesis during cold stimulus, is still controversial. In our present study, we aimed to determine human BAT oxygen consumption with [O]O positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Further, we explored whether BAT-specific energy expenditure (EE) is associated with BAT blood flow, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) uptake, and whole-body EE. Methods: Seven healthy study subjects were studied at two different scanning sessions, 1) at room temperature (RT) and 2) with acute cold exposure. Radiotracers [O]O, [O]HO, and [F]FTHA were given for the measurements of BAT oxygen consumption, blood flow, and NEFA uptake, respectively, with PET-CT. Indirect calorimetry was performed to assess differences in whole-body EE between RT and cold. Results: BAT-specific EE and oxygen consumption was higher during cold stimulus (approx. 50 %); similarly, whole-body EE was higher during cold stimulus (range 2-47 %). However, there was no association in BAT-specific EE and whole-body EE. BAT-specific EE was found to be a minor contributor in cold induced whole-body thermogenesis (almost 1 % of total whole-body elevation in EE). Certain deep muscles in the cervico-thoracic region made a major contribution to this cold-induced thermogenesis (CIT) without any visual signs or individual perception of shivering. Moreover, BAT-specific EE associated with BAT blood flow and NEFA uptake both at RT and during cold stimulus. Conclusion: Our study suggests that BAT is a minor and deep muscles are a major contributor to CIT. In BAT, both in RT and during cold, cellular respiration is linked with circulatory NEFA uptake.
- Subjects
BROWN adipose tissue; POSITRON emission tomography; BODY temperature regulation; OBESITY; OXYGEN consumption
- Publication
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging, 2016, Vol 43, Issue 10, p1878
- ISSN
1619-7070
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.1007/s00259-016-3364-y