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- Title
Development of the clinical assessment scale in autoimmune encephalitis.
- Authors
Lim, Jung‐Ah; Lee, Soon‐Tae; Moon, Jangsup; Jun, Jin‐Sun; Kim, Tae‐Joon; Shin, Yong‐Won; Abdullah, Suhailah; Byun, Jung‐Ick; Sunwoo, Jun‐Sang; Kim, Keun Tae; Yang, Tae‐Won; Lee, Woo‐Jin; Moon, Hye‐Jin; Kim, Dong Wook; Lim, Byung Chan; Cho, Yong Won; Yang, Tae‐Ho; Kim, Hee Jin; Kim, Young‐Soo; Koo, Yong Seo
- Abstract
Objective: There is no scale for rating the severity of autoimmune encephalitis (AE). In this study, we aimed to develop a novel scale for rating severity in patients with diverse AE syndromes and to verify the reliability and validity of the developed scale.Methods: The key items were generated by a panel of experts and selected according to content validity ratios. The developed scale was initially applied to 50 patients with AE (development cohort) to evaluate its acceptability, reproducibility, internal consistency, and construct validity. Then, the scale was applied to another independent cohort (validation cohort, n = 38).Results: A new scale consisting of 9 items (seizure, memory dysfunction, psychiatric symptoms, consciousness, language problems, dyskinesia/dystonia, gait instability and ataxia, brainstem dysfunction, and weakness) was developed. Each item was assigned a value of up to 3 points. The total score could therefore range from 0 to 27. We named the scale the Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis (CASE). The new scale showed excellent interobserver (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.97) and intraobserver (ICC = 0.96) reliability for total scores, was highly correlated with modified Rankin scale (r = 0.86, p Interpretation: CASE is a novel clinical scale for AE with a high level of clinimetric properties. It would be suitable for application in clinical practice and might help overcome the limitations of current outcome scales for AE. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:352-358.
- Subjects
INTRACLASS correlation; ENCEPHALITIS; TEST validity; INTER-observer reliability; TAX assessment; METHYL aspartate receptors; AGGRESSION (Psychology); ATAXIA; AUTOIMMUNE diseases; COMPARATIVE studies; SEIZURES (Medicine); DELUSIONS; DYSTONIA; GAIT disorders; LANGUAGE disorders; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; MEMORY disorders; MOVEMENT disorders; NEUROLOGICAL disorders; POSTVACCINAL encephalitis; RESEARCH; RESEARCH evaluation; RESEARCH funding; SPASMS; EVALUATION research; SEVERITY of illness index; MUSCLE weakness; HALLUCINATIONS; DISEASE complications; PSYCHOLOGICAL factors
- Publication
Annals of Neurology, 2019, Vol 85, Issue 3, p352
- ISSN
0364-5134
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.1002/ana.25421