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- Title
Predictors of antihypertensive response to a standard dose of hydrochlorothiazide for essential hypertension.
- Authors
Chapman, Arlene B; Schwartz, Gary L; Boerwinkle, Eric; Turner, Stephen T
- Abstract
Predictors of antihypertensive response to a standard dose of hydrochlorothiazide for essential hypertension. Background. Determinants of inter-individual variation in blood pressure (BP) response to antihypertensive therapy remain largely unknown. Although differences in race, age and measures of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) have been associated with variation in blood pressure response to hydrochlorothiazide, whether these characteristics make additive contributions to predicting response has not been established. We conducted a comprehensive search for predictors of BP response to a standard dose of hydrochlorothiazide in a biracial sample to estimate how much inter-individual variation in BP response could be explained by all of the identified predictors. Methods. After withdrawal of antihypertensive medications for at least four weeks (baseline) and stabilization on a diet approximating 150 mmol sodium per day, 225 African American and 280 Caucasian subjects with diagnosed essential hypertension were treated for four weeks with hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg per day. At baseline and the end of treatment, subjects were admitted to the General Clinical Research Center for measurement of activity of the RAAS and other regulators of BP. Characteristics measured at study enrollment, at baseline, and in response to drug treatment were incorporated stepwise into linear regression models in order to quantify their additive contributions to predicting BP responses to hydrochlorothiazide. Results. Black race and female gender were both associated with significantly greater systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure responses to hydrochlorothiazide. Together the combined effects of race and gender accounted for 11% inter-individual variation in SBP response (P < 0.0001) and 4% of inter-individual variation in DBP response (P < 0.0001). Additional statistically significant predictors of greater systolic and diastolic responses to...
- Subjects
BLOOD pressure; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE agents; HYPERTENSION
- Publication
Kidney International, 2002, Vol 61, Issue 3, p1047
- ISSN
0085-2538
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00200.x