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- Title
Dynamic evaluation of environmental impact for three-way catalytic converter with temporal variation life cycle method.
- Authors
Liu, Yingying; Li, Hanbing; Chen, Sha; Zhang, Yana; Lv, He; Yan, Shuqi; Li, Yipei; Liu, Zunwen
- Abstract
Purpose: A three-way catalytic converter (TWC) is a type of pollution control product (PCP) that has been widely used to reduce the emission of carbon monoxide (CO), total hydrocarbon (THC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from vehicles. TWC's decreasing removal efficiency as a result of their aging condition can have a substantial impact on their environmental benefits. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the dynamic environmental impacts of TWC during its whole life cycle. Methods: Dynamic emission factors of pollutants from the rapid aging (RA) test and the real vehicle aging (RVA) test were firstly analyzed. Then, the dynamic environmental benefits and dynamic environmental burdens of TWC during its whole life cycle were evaluated by a dynamic life cycle assessment (DLCA) method. Impact categories assessed included global warming potentials (GWP), acidification potentials (AP), human toxicity potentials (HTP), photochemical smog potentials (POCP), and abiotic resource depletion potentials (ADPs). Results and discussion: Dynamic emission factors of vehicle pollutants collected from the rapid aging (RA) test and the real vehicle aging (RVA) test indicate that CO had the highest emission amounts compared to NOx and THC. Results in AP, HTP, and POCP showed that the environmental benefits of TWC in the RVA test were 76.24, 1.03, and 2743 times greater than its burdens. The difference in AP, HTP, and POCP between RVA and RA tests was 0.39%, 0.39%, and 0.97%, showing no significant variations from these two tests to evaluate the environmental benefits. Dynamic environmental burdens allowed for a 51.36% increase in HTP compared to static environmental burdens of TWC. Conclusions: Both RVA and RA tests are suitable methods to acquire the dynamic data in the dynamic life cycle assessment of TWC. Our results proved the more precise evaluation of dynamic environmental burdens in reflecting the performance of TWC in real driving circumstances.
- Subjects
CATALYTIC converters for automobiles; LIFE cycles (Biology); ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis; PRODUCT life cycle assessment; PHOTOCHEMICAL smog; GLOBAL warming
- Publication
International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2022, Vol 27, Issue 9-11, p1170
- ISSN
0948-3349
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11367-022-02092-3