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- Title
Demyelination in Patients with POST-COVID Depression.
- Authors
Khodanovich, Marina; Svetlik, Mikhail; Kamaeva, Daria; Usova, Anna; Kudabaeva, Marina; Anan'ina, Tatyana; Vasserlauf, Irina; Pashkevich, Valentina; Moshkina, Marina; Obukhovskaya, Victoria; Kataeva, Nadezhda; Levina, Anastasia; Tumentceva, Yana; Vasilieva, Svetlana; Schastnyy, Evgeny; Naumova, Anna
- Abstract
Background: Depression is one of the most severe sequelae of COVID-19, with major depressive disorder often characterized by disruption in white matter (WM) connectivity stemming from changes in brain myelination. This study aimed to quantitatively assess brain myelination in clinically diagnosed post-COVID depression (PCD) using the recently proposed MRI method, macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) mapping. Methods: The study involved 63 recovered COVID-19 patients (52 mild, 11 moderate, and 2 severe) at 13.5 ± 10.0 months post-recovery, with matched controls without prior COVID-19 history (n = 19). A post-COVID depression group (PCD, n = 25) was identified based on psychiatric diagnosis, while a comparison group (noPCD, n = 38) included participants with neurological COVID-19 complications, excluding clinical depression. Results: Fast MPF mapping revealed extensive demyelination in PCD patients, particularly in juxtacortical WM (predominantly occipital lobe and medial surface), WM tracts (inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), posterior thalamic radiation, external capsule, sagittal stratum, tapetum), and grey matter (GM) structures (hippocampus, putamen, globus pallidus, and amygdala). The noPCD group also displayed notable demyelination, but with less magnitude and propagation. Multiple regression analysis highlighted IFOF demyelination as the primary predictor of Hamilton scores, PCD presence, and severity. The number of post-COVID symptoms was a significant predictor of PCD presence, while the number of acute symptoms was a significant predictor of PCD severity. Conclusions: This study, for the first time, reveals extensive demyelination in numerous WM and GM structures in PCD, outlining IFOF demyelination as a key biomarker.
- Subjects
POST-acute COVID-19 syndrome; PROTON magnetic resonance; MAGNETIC resonance imaging; MULTIPLE regression analysis; MENTAL depression
- Publication
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2024, Vol 13, Issue 16, p4692
- ISSN
2077-0383
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/jcm13164692