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- Title
Clinical significance of serum S100 calcium‐binding protein A4 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
- Authors
Akiyama, Norimichi; Hozumi, Hironao; Isayama, Takuya; Okada, Jun; Sugiura, Katsunori; Yasui, Hideki; Suzuki, Yuzo; Kono, Masato; Karayama, Masato; Furuhashi, Kazuki; Enomoto, Noriyuki; Fujisawa, Tomoyuki; Inui, Naoki; Nakamura, Yutaro; Suda, Takafumi
- Abstract
Background and objective: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis. There are no established serum biomarkers for predicting the outcomes of IPF. S100 calcium‐binding protein A4 (S100A4) is considered as a marker of fibroblasts; however, its clinical application remains to be investigated. We evaluated the clinical relevance of S100A4 in IPF patients. Methods: Serum S100A4 levels in 95 consecutive IPF patients and 50 healthy controls (HC) were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. S100A4 expression in lung tissues was determined using immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence and its association with disease progression (defined as deterioration in lung function or death) and mortality was assessed using Kaplan–Meier method and Cox hazards analysis. Results: Serum S100A4 levels were undetectable in all HC but were detectable in 26 (27.3%) of the 95 IPF patients (P < 0.01). Immunostaining of lung tissues from IPF patients showed aggregation of numerous S100A4‐expressing cells around the fibroblastic foci and mature fibrotic regions. IPF patients with higher serum S100A4 levels had a significantly worse prognosis than those with low serum levels (2‐year cumulative survival rate: 41.7% vs 77.0%, respectively, P < 0.01). On multivariate analyses, baseline serum S100A4 levels (per 10 ng/mL increase) were independently associated with higher disease progression rate (odds ratio: 1.06, P = 0.01) and higher mortality (hazard ratio: 1.18, P = 0.03). Conclusion: S100A4 is a promising serum biomarker that may help predict disease progression/mortality. Our findings may help establish treatment strategies for IPF.
- Subjects
IDIOPATHIC pulmonary fibrosis; CALCIUM-binding proteins; INTERSTITIAL lung diseases; ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay; SERUM
- Publication
Respirology, 2020, Vol 25, Issue 7, p743
- ISSN
1323-7799
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/resp.13707