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- Title
Distinct Type I Interferon Subtypes Differentially Stimulate T Cell Responses in HIV-1-Infected Individuals.
- Authors
Karakoese, Zehra; Schwerdtfeger, Mara; Karsten, Christina B.; Esser, Stefan; Dittmer, Ulf; Sutter, Kathrin
- Abstract
The expression of type I interferons (IFNs) is one of the immediate host responses duringmost viral infections. The type I IFN family consists of numerous highly conserved IFNa subtypes, IFNb, and some others. Although these IFNa subtypes were initially believed to act interchangeably, their discrete biological properties are nowadays widely accepted. Subtype-specific antiviral, immunomodulatory, and anti-proliferative activities were reported explained by differences in receptor affinity, downstream signaling events, and individual IFNstimulated gene expression patterns. Type I IFNs and increased IFN signatures potentially linked to hyperimmune activation of T cells are critically discussed for chronic HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. Here, we aimed to analyze the broad immunological effects of specific type I IFN subtypes (IFNa2, IFNa14, and IFNb) on T and NK cell subsets during HIV-1 infection in vitro and ex vivo. Stimulation with IFNa14 and IFNb significantly increased frequencies of degranulating (CD107a+) gut-derived CD4+ T cells and blood-derived T and NK cells. However, frequencies of IFNg-expressing T cells were strongly reduced after stimulation with IFNa14 and IFNb. Phosphorylation of downstream molecules was not only IFN subtype-specific; also, significant differences in STAT5 phosphorylation were observed in both healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and PBMCs of HIV-infected individuals, but this effect was less pronounced in healthy gut-derived lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs), assuming cell and tissue specific discrepancies. In conclusion, we observed distinct type I IFN subtype-specific potencies in stimulating T and NK cell responses during HIV-1-infection.
- Subjects
TYPE I interferons; T cells; MONONUCLEAR leukocytes; KILLER cells; HIV
- Publication
Frontiers in Immunology, 2022, Vol 13, p1
- ISSN
1664-3224
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fimmu.2022.936918