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- Title
Developmental delays and dental caries in low-income preschoolers in the USA: a pilot cross-sectional study and preliminary explanatory model.
- Authors
Chi, Donald L.; Rossitch, Katharine C.; Beeles, Elizabeth M.
- Abstract
Background Anecdotal evidence suggests that low-income preschoolers with developmental delays are at increased risk for dental caries and poor oral health, but there are no published studies based on empirical data. The purpose of this pilot study was two-fold: to examine the relationship between developmental delays and dental caries in low-income preschoolers and to present a preliminary explanatory model on the determinants of caries for enrollees in Head Start, a U.S. school readiness program for low-income preschool-aged children. Methods Data were collected on preschoolers ages 3-5 years at two Head Start centers in Washington, USA (N = 115). The predictor variable was developmental delay status (no/yes). The outcome variable was the prevalence of decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (dmfs) on primary teeth. We used multiple variable Poisson regression models to test the hypothesis that within a population of low-income preschoolers, those with developmental delays would have increased dmfs prevalence than those without developmental delays. Results Seventeen percent of preschoolers had a developmental delay and 51.3% of preschoolers had ≥1 dmfs. Preschoolers with developmental delays had a dmfs prevalence ratio that was 1.26 times as high as preschoolers without developmental delays (95 % CI: 1.01, 1.58; P < .04). Other factors associated with increased dmfs prevalence ratios included: not having a dental home (P = .01); low caregiver education (P < .001); and living in a non-fluoridated community (P < .001). Conclusions Our pilot data suggest that developmental delays among low-income preschoolers are associated with increased primary tooth dmfs. Additional research is needed to further examine this relationship. Future interventions and policies should focus on caries prevention strategies within settings like Head Start classrooms that serve low-income pre-school aged children with additional targeted home- and community-based interventions for those with developmental delays.
- Subjects
DIAGNOSIS of developmental disabilities; CONFIDENCE intervals; STATISTICAL correlation; DENTAL caries; POISSON distribution; QUESTIONNAIRES; RESEARCH evaluation; RESEARCH funding; STATISTICS; U-statistics; DATA analysis; SECONDARY analysis; SOCIOECONOMIC factors; CROSS-sectional method; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; CHILDREN
- Publication
BMC Oral Health, 2013, Vol 13, Issue 1, p53
- ISSN
1472-6831
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/1472-6831-13-53