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- Title
Rapidly emerging antimicrobial resistances in Streptococcus pneumoniae in Australia. Pneumococcal Study Group.
- Authors
Turnidge, John D; Bell, Jan M; Collignon, Peter J; Turnidge, J D; Bell, J M; Collignon, P J
- Abstract
<bold>Objective: </bold>To examine the prevalence of resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae to key antimicrobials in Australia during 1997.<bold>Design: </bold>Prospective, Australia-wide, laboratory-based survey.<bold>Setting: </bold>11 microbiology laboratories from seven Australian States and Territories (five private laboratories and six public hospital laboratories) between March and November 1997. STRAINS: Up to 100 consecutive, clinically significant strains of S. pneumoniae isolated by each laboratory.<bold>Main Outcome Measures: </bold>Susceptibility to penicillin, amoxycillin-clavulanate, cefaclor, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, tetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (cotrimoxazole), measured by a gradient diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration technique.<bold>Results: </bold>Of 1020 strains, 16.8% had intermediate susceptibility to penicillin and 8.6% were resistant. Rates of resistance to other drugs were: amoxycillin-clavulanate, 3.1%; cefaclor, 21.4%; ceftriaxone, 3.1%; erythromycin, 15.6%; tetracycline, 15.7%; and cotrimoxazole, 33.4%. Non-invasive isolates harboured more resistances than invasive isolates, and resistance was more prevalent in isolates from children under two years. Multiple resistance was also common, with 21.2% of strains resistant to two or more classes of drug, and 9.3% of non-invasive and 1.7% of invasive isolates resistant to four classes. There were no obvious differences in resistance rates between private and public hospital laboratories.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Rates of antimicrobial resistance are rising rapidly in S. pneumoniae in Australia. Recommendations for empiric treatment of invasive and respiratory infection need to take account of these changes.
- Subjects
AUSTRALIA; PNEUMONIA; RESEARCH; PNEUMOCOCCAL meningitis; RESEARCH methodology; STREPTOCOCCAL diseases; LABORATORIES; MEDICAL cooperation; EVALUATION research; STREPTOCOCCUS; COMPARATIVE studies; DRUG resistance in microorganisms; LONGITUDINAL method; MICROBIAL sensitivity tests; DRUG therapy
- Publication
Medical Journal of Australia, 1999, Vol 170, Issue 4, p152
- ISSN
0025-729X
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.5694/j.1326-5377.1999.tb127710.x