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- Title
Isolation and Purification of Potent Growth Inhibitors from Piper methysticum Root.
- Authors
Van, Truong Mai; Xuan, Tran Dang; Minh, Truong Ngoc; Quan, Nguyen Van
- Abstract
<italic>Piper methysticum</italic> (kava) root is known to possess promising weed suppressing activity. The present study was conducted to search for potent plant growth inhibitors from the root of this medicinal pepper plant. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract exhibited the strongest reduction on growth of <italic>Raphanus sativus</italic> (radish) (IC50 shoot and root growth = 172.00 and 51.31 µg/mL respectively) among solvent extracts. From this active extract, nine potent growth inhibitors involved in the inhibitory activities of <italic>P. methysticum</italic> root were isolated, purified and characterized by column chromatography (CC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The six fractions purified by CC included two flavanones: 5-hydroxy-4′,7-dimethoxyflavanone (<bold>C1</bold>) and 5,7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone (matteucinol, <bold>C2</bold>) and six kavalactones: 5,6-dehydro-kavain <bold>(C3</bold>), a mixture of kavain and yagonin (<bold>C4</bold>), yagonin (<bold>C5</bold>) and dihydro-5,6-dehydrokavain, 7,8-dihydrokavain, dihydromethysticin and methysticin (<bold>C6</bold>). The amounts of 5-hydroxy-4′,7-dimethoxyflavanone, matteucinol, 5,6-dehydrokavain and yangonin were 0.76, 2.50, 2.75 and 2.09 mg/g dry weight (DW), respectively. The two flavanones <bold>C1</bold> and <bold>C2</bold> exhibited the strongest inhibition on shoot elongation (IC50 = 120.22 and 248.03 µg/mL, respectively), whilst the two kavalactone mixtures <bold>C4</bold> and <bold>C6</bold> showed the highest suppression on root growth of <italic>R. sativus</italic> (IC50 = 7.70 and 15.67 µg/mL, respectively). This study was the first to report the purification and inhibitory activities of the two flavanones 5-hydroxy-4′,7-dimethoxyflavanone and matteucinol in <italic>P. methysticum</italic> root. The isolated constituents from <italic>P. methysticum</italic> root including the flavanones <bold>C1</bold> and <bold>C2</bold> and the mixtures <bold>C4</bold> and <bold>C6</bold> may possess distinct modes of action on plant growth. Findings of this study highlighted that the combinations of hexane-ethyl acetate by 9:1 and 8:2 ratios successfully purified flavanones and kavalactones in <italic>P. methysticum</italic> root.
- Subjects
KAVA plant; PLANT growth regulation; RADISHES; GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS); FLAVANONES
- Publication
Molecules, 2018, Vol 23, Issue 8, p1907
- ISSN
1420-3049
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/molecules23081907