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- Title
The efficacy of non-carbapenem antibiotics for the treatment of community-onset acute pyelonephritis due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli.
- Authors
Park, Sun Hee; Choi, Su-Mi; Chang, Yoon Kyung; Lee, Dong-Gun; Cho, Sung-Yeon; Lee, Hyo-Jin; Choi, Jung-Hyun; Yoo, Jin-Hong
- Abstract
Objective Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli has become an important cause of community-onset urinary tract infections. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of non-carbapenem antibiotics for acute pyelonephritis (APN) due to ESBL-producing E. coli. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with community-onset APN due to ESBL-producing E. coli at a single centre in Korea from 2007 to 2013. Outcomes included both microbiological and clinical failure. To adjust for non-random assignment of antibiotics, the propensity score method of inverse probability of treatment weighting and a multivariable analysis using Cox proportional hazards modelling were employed to estimate the efficacy of non-carbapenem antibiotics as compared with carbapenems. Results Of 152 eligible patients, 85 (55.9%) received carbapenems and 67 (44.1%) received non-carbapenems. Non-carbapenem antibiotics used in this cohort included aminoglycosides (n = 30), β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (n = 13), fluoroquinolones (n = 12) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (n = 5). Microbiological failure was observed in 16 patients receiving carbapenems (16/83, 19.3%) versus 4 patients receiving non-carbapenem (4/67, 6.0%). After weighting, the risk of microbiological failure was similar between the two groups [weighted hazard ratio (HR) 0.99; 95% CI 0.31–3.19]. In a multivariable regression analysis combined with weights, the estimate did not change (weighted adjusted HR 0.96; 95% CI 0.41–2.27). The clinical failure rate was also similar in the two groups (weighted HR 1.05; 95% CI 0.24–4.62). Conclusions These results suggest that non-carbapenem antibiotics were as effective as carbapenems as definitive therapy for treating community-onset APN caused by ESBL-producing E. coli if they are active in vitro.
- Subjects
PYELONEPHRITIS treatment; TREATMENT of escherichia coli diseases; ANTIBIOTICS; ESCHERICHIA coli; BETA lactamases; URINARY tract infection treatment
- Publication
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (JAC), 2014, Vol 69, Issue 10, p2848
- ISSN
0305-7453
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/jac/dku215