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- Title
Neural and Behavioral Differences in Speech Perception for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Within an Audiovisual Context.
- Authors
Irwin, Julia; Harwood, Vanessa; Kleinman, Daniel; Baron, Alisa; Avery, Trey; Turcios, Jacqueline; Landi, Nicole
- Abstract
Purpose: Reduced use of visible articulatory information on a speaker’s face has been implicated as a possible contributor to language deficits in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We employ an audiovisual (AV) phonemic restoration paradigm to measure behavioral performance (button press) and event-related potentials (ERPs) of visual speech perception in children with ASD and their neurotypical peers to assess potential neural substrates that contribute to group differences. Method: Two sets of speech stimuli, /ba/–“/a/” (“/a/” was created from the /ba/ token by a reducing the initial consonant) and /ba/–/pa/, were presented within an auditory oddball paradigm to children aged 6–13 years with ASD (n = 17) and typical development (TD; n = 33) within two conditions. The AV condition con- tained a fully visible speaking face; the pixelated (PX) condition included a face, but the mouth and jaw were PX, removing all articulatory information. When artic- ulatory features were present for the /ba/–“/a/” contrast, it was expected that the influence of the visual articulators would facilitate a phonemic restoration effect in which “/a/” would be perceived as /ba/. ERPs were recorded during the experi- ment while children were required to press a button for the deviant sound for both sets of speech contrasts within both conditions. Results: Button press data revealed that TD children were more accurate in dis- criminating between /ba/–“/a/” and /ba/–/pa/ contrasts in the PX condition rela- tive to the ASD group. ERPs in response to the /ba/–/pa/ contrast within both AV and PX conditions differed between children with ASD and TD children (ear- lier P300 responses for children with ASD). Conclusion: Children with ASD differ in the underlying neural mechanisms responsible for speech processing compared with TD peers within an AV context.
- Subjects
RHODE Island; AUDITORY evoked response; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; ANALYSIS of variance; SPEECH perception in children; AUDIOVISUAL materials; NEUROLOGIC manifestations of general diseases; AUTISM; RESEARCH funding; PHONETICS; AUDIOMETRY; DESCRIPTIVE statistics
- Publication
Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research, 2023, Vol 66, Issue 7, p2390
- ISSN
1092-4388
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1044/2023_JSLHR-22-00661