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- Title
Variation in Parasitoid Virulence of Tetrastichus brontispae during the Targeting of Two Host Beetles.
- Authors
Zhang, Hua-Jian; Lin, Ya-Ping; Li, Hong-Yu; Wang, Rui; Fu, Lang; Jia, Qing-Chen; Hou, You-Ming; Tang, Bao-Zhen; Hoffmann, Klaus H.
- Abstract
In host-parasitoid interactions, antagonistic relationship drives parasitoids to vary in virulence in facing different hosts, which makes these systems excellent models for stress-induced evolutionary studies. Venom compositions varied between two strains of Tetrastichus brontispae, Tb-Bl and Tb-On. Tb-Bl targets Brontispa longissima pupae as hosts, and Tb-On is a sub-population of Tb-Bl, which has been experimentally adapted to a new host, Octodonta nipae. Aiming to examine variation in parasitoid virulence of the two strains toward two hosts, we used reciprocal injection experiments to compare effect of venom/ovarian fluids from the two strains on cytotoxicity, inhibition of immunity and fat body lysis of the two hosts. We found that Tb-Onvenom was more virulent towards plasmatocyte spreading, granulocyte function and phenoloxidase activity than Tb-Blvenom. Tb-Blovary was able to suppress encapsulation and phagocytosis in both hosts; however, Tb-Onovary inhibition targeted only B. longissima. Our data suggest that the venom undergoes rapid evolution when facing different hosts, and that the wasp has good evolutionary plasticity.
- Subjects
BEETLES; VENOM; PUPAE; FAT; PHENOL oxidase; INJECTIONS; PARASITOIDS; PHAGOCYTOSIS
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, Vol 22, Issue 7, p3581
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms22073581