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- Title
Pathophysiology of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD): A Review on Oxidative Disorders.
- Authors
Signorelli, Salvatore Santo; Marino, Elisa; Scuto, Salvatore; Di Raimondo, Domenico
- Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disease that affects a wide range of the world's population, reaching up to 200 million individuals worldwide. PAD particularly affects elderly individuals (>65 years old). PAD is often underdiagnosed or underestimated, although specificity in diagnosis is shown by an ankle/brachial approach, and the high cardiovascular event risk that affected the PAD patients. A number of pathophysiologic pathways operate in chronic arterial ischemia of lower limbs, giving the possibility to improve therapeutic strategies and the outcome of patients. This review aims to provide a well detailed description of such fundamental issues as physical exercise, biochemistry of physical exercise, skeletal muscle in PAD, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in PAD, and antioxidants in PAD. These issues are closely related to the oxidative stress in PAD. We want to draw attention to the pathophysiologic pathways that are considered to be beneficial in order to achieve more effective options to treat PAD patients.
- Subjects
PERIPHERAL vascular diseases; HEME oxygenase; EXERCISE; PHYSICAL biochemistry; PATHOLOGICAL physiology
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020, Vol 21, Issue 12, p4393
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms21124393