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- Title
Neuron Membrane Trafficking and Protein Kinases Involved in Autism and ADHD.
- Authors
Yasuko Kitagishi; Akari Minami; Atsuko Nakanishi; Yasunori Ogura; Satoru Matsuda
- Abstract
A brain-enriched multi-domain scaffolding protein, neurobeachin has been identified as a candidate gene for autism patients. Mutations in the synaptic adhesion protein cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) are also associated with autism spectrum disorder, a neurodevelopmental disorder of uncertain molecular origin. Potential roles of neurobeachin and CADM1 have been suggested to a function of vesicle transport in endosomal trafficking. It seems that protein kinase B (AKT) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) have key roles in the neuron membrane trafficking involved in the pathogenesis of autism. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is documented to dopaminergic insufficiencies, which is attributed to synaptic dysfunction of dopamine transporter (DAT). AKT is also essential for the DAT cell-surface redistribution. In the present paper, we summarize and discuss the importance of several protein kinases that regulate the membrane trafficking involved in autism and ADHD, suggesting new targets for therapeutic intervention.
- Subjects
ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder; AUTISM research; NEURONS; NEURAL transmission; CELL adhesion molecules; PROTEIN kinase B; CYCLIC adenylic acid; DOPAMINE
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2015, Vol 16, Issue 2, p3095
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms16023095