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- Title
Acute Barrier Perturbation Abolishes the Ca<sup>2+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> Gradients in Murine Epidermis: Quantitative Measurement Using PIXE.
- Authors
Mauro, Theodora; Bench, Graham; Sidderas-Haddad, Elias; Feingold, Kenneth; Elias, Peter; Cullander, Christopher
- Abstract
Epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis requires the delivery of lipids and hydrolytic enzymes by lamellar body exocytosis from the uppermost granular cells, a process that is upregulated following barrier disruption. As lamellar body secretion is controlled by ionic concentrations, especially Ca2+ and K+, we used a quantitative technique, microbeam proton-induced X-ray emission, to measure Ca2+, K+, Cl–, and P concentrations before and after acute barrier perturbation by acetone applications. We found a steep gradient of Ca2+ in normal tissue, peaking in the outer stratum granulosum, which disappeared after barrier disruption, and partially reformed as the barrier recovered. A similar gradient, peaking somewhat lower in the epidermis (i.e., at the stratum granulosum–stratum corneum interface), was found for K+. Epidermal concentrations of K+ also decreased after barrier abrogation, although to a lesser extent than Ca2+. In contrast, P and Cl– demonstrated distribution gradients at baseline, which remained unchanged after barrier disruption. These studies quantitate the levels of Ca2+, K+, Cl–, and P within specific epidermal cell layers at baseline, and in relation to changes in permeability barrier integrity. Ca2+ and K+, but not Cl– or P, decrease after barrier disruption, consistent with these two ion’s role in barrier repair. Key word: epidermal permeability barrier.
- Subjects
EPIDERMIS; CALCIUM; POTASSIUM; HOMEOSTASIS; PERMEABILITY
- Publication
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 1998, Vol 111, Issue 6, p1198
- ISSN
0022-202X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00421.x