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- Title
Exploratory study of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation and age of onset of bipolar disorder.
- Authors
Bauer, Michael; Glenn, Tasha; Achtyes, Eric D.; Alda, Martin; Agaoglu, Esen; Altınbaş, Kürsat; Andreassen, Ole A.; Angelopoulos, Elias; Ardau, Raffaella; Aydin, Memduha; Ayhan, Yavuz; Baethge, Christopher; Bauer, Rita; Baune, Bernhard T.; Balaban, Ceylan; Becerra-Palars, Claudia; Behere, Aniruddh P.; Behere, Prakash B.; Belete, Habte; Belete, Tilahun
- Abstract
Background: Sunlight contains ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation that triggers the production of vitamin D by skin. Vitamin D has widespread effects on brain function in both developing and adult brains. However, many people live at latitudes (about > 40 N or S) that do not receive enough UVB in winter to produce vitamin D. This exploratory study investigated the association between the age of onset of bipolar I disorder and the threshold for UVB sufficient for vitamin D production in a large global sample. Methods: Data for 6972 patients with bipolar I disorder were obtained at 75 collection sites in 41 countries in both hemispheres. The best model to assess the relation between the threshold for UVB sufficient for vitamin D production and age of onset included 1 or more months below the threshold, family history of mood disorders, and birth cohort. All coefficients estimated at P ≤ 0.001. Results: The 6972 patients had an onset in 582 locations in 70 countries, with a mean age of onset of 25.6 years. Of the onset locations, 34.0% had at least 1 month below the threshold for UVB sufficient for vitamin D production. The age of onset at locations with 1 or more months of less than or equal to the threshold for UVB was 1.66 years younger. Conclusion: UVB and vitamin D may have an important influence on the development of bipolar disorder. Study limitations included a lack of data on patient vitamin D levels, lifestyles, or supplement use. More study of the impacts of UVB and vitamin D in bipolar disorder is needed to evaluate this supposition.
- Subjects
AGE of onset; BIPOLAR disorder; VITAMIN D; AFFECTIVE disorders; RADIATION
- Publication
International Journal of Bipolar Disorders, 2023, Vol 11, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2194-7511
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s40345-023-00303-w