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- Title
Respiratory allergy symptoms and cytokine profiles in the presence of anti-Ascaris antibody in Giardia lamblia–infected children.
- Authors
Fontenele, Ana Lúcia Arruda; de Oliveira Nóbrega, Cassia Giselle; do Nascimento, Wheverton Ricardo Correia; Santos, Patrícia d'Emery Alves; de Lorena, Virginia Maria Barros; Peixoto, Décio Medeiros; de Azevedo Albuquerque, Mônica Camelo Pessôa; Solé, Dirceu; Costa, Vláudia Maria Assis; Sarinho, Emanuel Sávio Cavalcanti; de Souza, Valdenia Maria Oliveira
- Abstract
Anti-Ascaris lumbricoides (Asc) IgE and IgG can immunomodulate the allergy; however, the influence of these isotypes has not been investigated in the giardiasis and allergy. Therefore, the frequency of respiratory allergy (RA) symptoms in Giardia lamblia–infected children, with or without anti-Asc IgE, IgG1, or IgG4 and Th1, Th2/Treg, and Th17 cytokine production, was evaluated. We performed a case–control study with children aged 2–10 years old selected by questionnaire and stool exams to form the groups: infected or uninfected with RA (G-RA, n = 55; nG-RA, n = 43); infected and uninfected without RA (G-nRA, n = 59; nG-nRA, n = 54). We performed blood leukocyte counts and in vitro culture. Cytokine levels in the supernatants (CBA), serum total IgE and anti-Asc IgE (ImmunoCAP), IgG1, IgG4, and total IgA (ELISA) were measured. Infection was not associated with allergy. Infected children showed increased levels of anti-Asc IgG1, IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10. There was a lower frequency of allergy-related symptoms in anti-Asc IgG1–positive children than IgG1-negative (OR = 0.38; CI = 0.17–0.90, p = 0.027) and few eosinophils in G-RA than in G-nRA and more in G-nRA than in nG-nRA, whereas TNF-α levels were higher in the G-RA than in the nG-nRA group. For infected and positive anti-Asc IgG1, there was higher TNF-α and IL-10 production than G/-IgG1. IL-10 levels were lower in nG/ + IgG1 than in infected or non-infected, and both were negative for anti-Asc IgG1. Th1/Th2/IL-10 profiles were stimulated in the infected patients, and in those with circulating anti-Asc IgG1, the TNF-α production was strengthened with a lower risk for respiratory allergy symptoms.
- Subjects
RESPIRATORY allergy; CYTOKINES; GIARDIA; LEUKOCYTE count; SYMPTOMS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN E; IMMUNOGLOBULINS
- Publication
Parasitology Research, 2023, Vol 122, Issue 12, p3147
- ISSN
0932-0113
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00436-023-08005-z