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- Title
Molecular Analysis of Rubella Virus Epidemiology across Three Continents, North America, Europe, and Asia, 1961–1997.
- Authors
Frey, Teryl K.; Abernathy, Emily S.; Bosma, Trent J.; Starkey, William G.; Corbett, Karen M.; Best, Jennifer M.; Katow, Shigetaka; Weaver, Scott C.
- Abstract
E1 gene nucleotide sequences of 63 rubella virus isolates from North America, Europe, and Asia isolated between 1961 and 1997 were compared phylogenetically. Two genotypes were evident: Genotype I contained 60 viruses from North America, Europe, and Japan, and genotype II contained 3 viruses from China and India. The genotype I isolates prior to 1970 grouped into a single diffuse clade, indicating intercontinental circulation, while most post-1975 viruses segregated into geographic clades from each continent, indicating evolution in response to vaccination programs. The E1 amino acid sequences differed by no more than 3%; thus, no major antigenic variation was apparent. Among 4 viruses from congenital rubella syndrome that occurred following reinfection, only one amino acid substitution occurred in several important epitopes, indicating that antigenic drift is not important in this phenomenon. However, 2 viruses isolated from chronic arthritis exhibited changes in these epitopes. Isolates of the RA 27/3 vaccine strain were readily identifiable by nucleotide sequence.
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1998, Vol 178, Issue 3, p642
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1086/515370