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- Title
3-Hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia: characterization of a novel mutation and severe dietary protein sensitivity.
- Authors
Kapoor, Ritika R; James, Chela; Flanagan, Sarah E; Ellard, Sian; Eaton, Simon; Hussain, Khalid
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>HADH encodes for the enzyme 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (HADH) and catalyses the penultimate reaction in the beta-oxidation of fatty acids. All previously reported patients with mutations in HADH gene and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH) showed raised plasma hydroxybutyrylcarnitine and urinary 3-hydroxyglutarate.<bold>Aims: </bold>The aims of the study were: 1) to report a novel HADH gene mutation not associated with abnormal acylcarnitine or urinary organic acid profile; and 2) to report the novel observation of severe protein-sensitive HH in three patients with HADH gene mutations.<bold>Research Design and Methods: </bold>The index case presented at 4 months of age with hypoglycemic seizures. Her HH responded to diazoxide, but she continued to have episodes of hypoglycemia even on diazoxide, especially when consuming high-protein foods.<bold>Results: </bold>Investigations confirmed HH (blood glucose level of 1.8 mmol/liter with simultaneous serum insulin level of 58 mU/liter) with normal acylcarnitines and urine organic acids. Sequencing of the HADH gene identified a homozygous missense mutation (c.562A>G; p.Met188Val). Hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase activity was significantly decreased compared with controls (index patient, mean +/- sem, 26.8 +/- 4.8 mU/mg protein; controls, 48.0 +/- 8.1 mU/mg protein; P = 0.029) in skin fibroblasts. This patient was severely protein sensitive. Two other children with HH due to HADH gene mutations also demonstrated marked protein sensitivity.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Mutations in the HADH gene are associated with protein-induced HH, and patients with HH due to HADH gene mutations may have normal acylcarnitines and urine organic acids.
- Publication
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2009, Vol 94, Issue 7, p2221
- ISSN
0021-972X
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1210/jc.2009-0423