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- Title
On the Question of Zwitterionic Intermediates in the [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions between Aryl Azides and Ethyl Propiolate.
- Authors
Dresler, Ewa; Woliński, Przemysław; Wróblewska, Aneta; Jasiński, Radomir
- Abstract
The molecular mechanism of the [3+2] cycloaddition reactions between aryl azides and ethyl propiolate was evaluated in the framework of the Molecular Electron Density Theory. It was found that independently of the nature of the substituent within the azide molecule, the cycloaddition process is realized via a polar but single-step mechanism. All attempts of localization as postulated earlier by Abu-Orabi and coworkers' zwitterionic intermediates were not successful. At the same time, the formation of zwitterions with an "extended" conformation is possible on parallel reaction paths. The ELF analysis shows that the studied cycloaddition reaction leading to the 1,4-triazole proceeds by a two-stage one-step mechanism. It also revealed that both zwitterions are created by the donation of the nitrogen atom's nonbonding electron densities to carbon atoms of ethyl propiolate.
- Subjects
RING formation (Chemistry); ELECTRON density; ZWITTERIONS; AZIDES; MOLECULES; ATOMS
- Publication
Molecules, 2023, Vol 28, Issue 24, p8152
- ISSN
1420-3049
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/molecules28248152