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- Title
The Impact of Hepatitis B Vaccine Failure on Long-term Natural Course of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Hepatitis B e Antigen-Seropositive Children.
- Authors
Chi-San Tai; Jia-Feng Wu; Huey-Ling Chen; Yen-Hsuan Ni; Hong-Yuan Hsu; Mei-Hwei Chang; Tai, Chi-San; Wu, Jia-Feng; Chen, Huey-Ling; Ni, Yen-Hsuan; Hsu, Hong-Yuan; Chang, Mei-Hwei
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Vaccine failure with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection still develops in children after universal hepatitis B immunization. This study aimed to investigate the natural course of chronic HBV infection in children with vaccine failure and compare it with that of nonvaccinated children.<bold>Methods: </bold>Three hundred fifty-six hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-seropositive, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier children, who were followed for at least 1 year without antiviral therapy, were enrolled. These comprised 105 vaccine failure subjects who received 3 doses of HBV vaccine in infancy and 251 nonvaccinated subjects. The clinical, serologic, and virologic features were compared between the 2 groups.<bold>Results: </bold>The cumulative HBeAg seroconversion rate was significantly lower in the vaccine failure group than in the nonvaccinated group (30.5% vs 77.7%, P < .0001). Genotype C HBV infection was more frequent in the vaccine failure group (33.7% vs 13.4%, P < .0001), and the maternal HBsAg-positive rate was higher (97.1% vs 66.4%, P < .0001). In a multivariate analysis, vaccine failure, genotype C infection, and maternal HBsAg positivity were significantly associated with delayed HBeAg seroconversion.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>HBeAg-seropositive vaccine failure HBV-carrier children were associated with delayed HBeAg seroconversion during long-term follow-up, and more HBV genotype C infection and maternal HBsAg seropositivity.
- Subjects
HEPATITIS associated antigen; HEPATITIS B virus; VERTICAL transmission (Communicable diseases); VACCINATION of infants; VACCINE effectiveness; IMMUNIZATION; DOSE-effect relationship in pharmacology; HEPATITIS B vaccines; LONGITUDINAL method; VIRAL antigens; TREATMENT effectiveness; CROSS-sectional method; CHRONIC hepatitis B; VACCINES
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2017, Vol 216, Issue 6, p662
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jix339