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- Title
The Spatial Epidemiology of Intimate Partner Violence: Do Neighborhoods Matter?
- Authors
Gracia, Enrique; López-Quílez, Antonio; Marco, Miriam; Lladosa, Silvia; Lila, Marisol
- Abstract
We examined whether neighborhood-level characteristics influence spatial variations in the risk of intimate partner violence (IPV). Geocoded data on IPV cases with associated protection orders (n = 1,623) in the city of Valencia, Spain (2011-2013), were used for the analyses. Neighborhood units were 552 census block groups. Drawing from social disorganization theory, we explored 3 types of contextual influences: concentrated disadvantage, concentration of immigrants, and residential instability. A Bayesian spatial random-effects modeling approachwas used to analyze influences of neighborhood-level characteristics on small-area variations in IPV risk. Disease mapping methods were also used to visualize areas of excess IPV risk. Results indicated that IPV risk was higher in physically disordered and decaying neighborhoods and in neighborhoods with loweducational and economic status levels, high levels of public disorder and crime, and high concentrations of immigrants. Results also revealed spatially structured remaining variability in IPV risk that was not explained by the covariates. In this study, neighborhood concentrated disadvantage and immigrant concentration emerged as significant ecological risk factors explaining IPV. Addressing neighborhood-level risk factors should be considered for better targeting of IPV prevention.
- Subjects
SPAIN; CONFIDENCE intervals; MAPS; POPULATION geography; RESEARCH funding; RESIDENTIAL patterns; SOCIOECONOMIC factors; HEALTH equity; INTIMATE partner violence; DATA analysis software; HEALTH &; social status; STATISTICAL models; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; ODDS ratio
- Publication
American Journal of Epidemiology, 2015, Vol 182, Issue 1, p58
- ISSN
0002-9262
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/aje/kwv016