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- Title
Effect of screw insertion angle and speed on the incidence of transcortical fracture development in a canine tibial diaphyseal model.
- Authors
Sadowitz, Peter M.; Jones, Stephen C.; Beale, Brian S.; Cross, Alan R.; Hudson, Caleb C.
- Abstract
Objective: To assess the incidence of transcortical fracture (TCF) development based on screw insertion angle and screw insertion speed. Study design: Cadaveric experimental study. Sample population: Sixty‐six canine tibiae. Methods: Sixty‐six cadaveric tibiae were randomly assigned to one of six groups that varied based on screw insertion angle relative to the pilot hole (0, 5, or 10°) and screw insertion speed (650 or 1350 revolutions per minute [rpm]). Each tibia was mounted in a custom jig. Locking self‐tapping screws (3.5 mm) were inserted at varying speeds and insertion angles, based on group assignment. Orthogonal radiographs were evaluated for TCFs. Fisher's exact tests with a Bonferroni correction were performed to evaluate differences in the frequency of TCF between groups. Results: In Group A (0°/650 rpm: control), a 0% TCF rate was observed (n = 0/80). Group B (5°/650 rpm) had a 3.75% TCF rate (n = 3/80). Group C (10°/650 rpm) had a 12.5% TCF rate (n = 10/80). Group D (10°/hand insertion) had a 3.75% TCF rate (n = 3/80). Group E (10°/1350 rpm) had a 17.5% TCF rate (n = 14/80). Group F (0°/1350 rpm) had a 0% TCF rate (n = 0/80). Groups C and E had the highest TCF rates with a difference in TCF rates observed between the control group and Group C (p =.001) and between the control group and Group E (p <.001). Conclusion: Increased screw insertion angle and insertion speed appear to be predisposing factors for TCF development in cadaveric bone. Clinical significance: Ensuring screw insertion is coaxial with the pilot hole and using slower screw insertion speeds may help reduce the risk of TCF development.
- Subjects
TIBIAL plateau fractures; SCREWS; FISHER exact test; BONFERRONI correction; SPEED
- Publication
Veterinary Surgery, 2023, Vol 52, Issue 8, p1112
- ISSN
0161-3499
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/vsu.14009