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- Title
Seasonal variations of urinary albumin creatinine ratio in Japanese subjects with Type 2 diabetes and early nephropathy.
- Authors
Wada, Y.; Hamamoto, Y.; Ikeda, H.; Honjo, S.; Kawasaki, Y.; Mori, K.; Koshiyama, H.
- Abstract
Diabet. Med. 29, 506-508 (2012) Abstract Aims It has been recognized that blood pressure shows a seasonal variation, but it remains unknown whether diabetic nephropathy shows a seasonal variation. In the present study, we investigated the change in urinary albumin/creatinine ratio in relation to the season in Japanese patients with Type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 430 subjects (275 male, 155 female) with Type 2 diabetes and early nephropathy (defined by UACR 30-300 mg/g creatinine) were included. One year was divided into four seasons and each season was defined as winter (December-February), spring (March-May), summer (June-August), and fall (September-November), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum creatinine levels, and the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio were examined. The estimated glomerular filtration rate was also calculated and evaluated. Results The mean age (± SE) was 64.8 ± 0.8 years. The mean systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in winter than in summer (136 ± 0.68 vs. 133 ± 0.68 mmHg, P < 0.001). The urinary albumin/creatinine ratio showed a significantly higher value in winter than in summer (72.8 ± 4.4 vs. 54.6 ± 3.4 mg/g creatinine, P < 0.001). The curve of seasonal variation of this ratio showed a similar change to that of systolic blood pressure. No significant seasonal variation was observed in estimated glomerular filtration rate and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions Our results suggest that there is a hitherto unknown seasonal variation in the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, and that it may be necessary to consider this seasonal change, especially when performing an intervention study of nephropathy.
- Subjects
JAPAN; DIABETIC nephropathies; MEDICAL needs assessment; BLOOD pressure; BLOOD pressure measurement; CREATININE; PEOPLE with diabetes; GLOMERULAR filtration rate; HOSPITALS; TYPE 2 diabetes; SEASONS; URINALYSIS; DATA analysis; ALBUMINS; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; DIAGNOSIS
- Publication
Diabetic Medicine, 2012, Vol 29, Issue 4, p506
- ISSN
0742-3071
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03472.x