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- Title
Chemical components and antibacterial activities of essential oil of wild, in vitro and acclimatised plants of Ziziphora tenuior L.
- Authors
Dakah, A.; Zaid, S.; Suleiman, M.; Dakka, M.
- Abstract
Ziziphora tenuior is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. Therefore, medicinal plants such as this require continuous investigation to obtain the beneficial compounds they might possess. The essential oils of wild, in vitro and acclimatised Z. tenuior were identified by GC/MS analysis. The compounds in the essential oils were determined by co-injection of the sample with a solution containing the homologous series as standard of C9 to C22 n-alkanes. The activity of the essential oils was evaluated against five bacterial strains by disc diffusion, and the MIC was determined based on a micro-well plate (96 well) dilution method. To obtain the MBC, 10 μL was taken from each well and inoculated on Müller-Hinton agar. Seventeen volatile compounds were determined, the main one being pulegone (45.02%-46.43%), followed by bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one,4,6,6-trimethyl- (12.96%-14.68%) and bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol,1,5,5-trimethyl- (11.62%-13.18%). Two compounds; copaene and β-cubebene, were only isolated from the essential oil of in vitro plants. The chemical compositions and their percentages differed based on the source of plants. The results obtained demonstrated the influence of plant tissue culture media on the resulting essential oils. The essential oil of all plants showed various antimicrobial activities against Esherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella Typhi and Staphylococcus aureus with diameters of inhibition zone ranging between 8 and 42 mm, while none was observed on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The largest inhibition zone (42 mm) was observed from the essential oil of in vitro plants (100%) against Staph. aureus. The MIC ranged between 0.25 to 2 while MBC between 0.5 to 8 μg/mL. It seems that plant tissue culture will be a useful method to modify the chemical composition and their concentration of Z. tenuior essential oil, like pulegone and n-hexadecanoic acid. The different chemical compositions are likely to be the result of genetic differences and/or the effect of some plant growth regulators.
- Subjects
ESSENTIAL oils; STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus; PLANT growing media; PLANT tissue culture; PLANT regulators; SALMONELLA typhi; KLEBSIELLA pneumoniae
- Publication
International Food Research Journal, 2019, Vol 26, Issue 2, p723
- ISSN
1985-4668
- Publication type
Article