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- Title
Treatment of cytomegalovirus pneumonia with ganciclovir and intravenous cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin in patients with bone marrow transplants.
- Authors
Reed, Elizabeth C.; Bowden, Raleigh A.; Dandliker, Paula S.; Lilleby, Kathryn E.; Meyers, Joel D.; Reed, E C; Bowden, R A; Dandliker, P S; Lilleby, K E; Meyers, J D
- Abstract
<bold>Study Objective: </bold>To determine if the combination of ganciclovir and intravenous cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin is effective in patients with cytomegalovirus pneumonia after bone marrow transplant.<bold>Design: </bold>Consecutive entry trial with treatment for a minimum of 14 days.<bold>Patients: </bold>Consecutive sample of 25 patients with bone marrow transplants and cytomegalovirus pneumonia after transplant proven by open lung biopsy or bronchoalveolar lavage. Patients with abnormal renal function or concomitant infectious causes of pneumonia, or who were respirator-dependent at diagnosis, were not eligible.<bold>Interventions: </bold>Induction treatment consisted of ganciclovir, 2.5 mg/kg body weight every 8 hours for 14 days, and cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin, 400 mg/kg on days 1, 2, and 7 and 200 mg/kg on day 14. Ganciclovir dosage was adjusted for renal function. Patients who were improved but still symptomatic after 14 days were given maintenance treatment consisting of ganciclovir, 5 mg/kg once daily for an additional 14 days, and immunoglobulin, 200 mg/kg on day 21. Patients with clinical deterioration continued to receive induction doses. Ganciclovir therapy was discontinued if the neutrophil count fell below 500 X 10(6)/L for 2 consecutive days.<bold>Measurement and Main Results: </bold>Serial tests of renal and liver function, blood counts, and viral cultures of blood, throat, and urine were obtained 3 times a week. Thirteen of twenty-five (52%) patients (95% CI, 31 to 72) survived the initial episode of pneumonia. Viral excretion ceased in 17 of 23 (74%) patients treated more than 96 hours. Proven recurrences of pneumonia occurred in 3 patients and possible recurrences in 2 after treatment was stopped. Three patients developed neutropenia during induction therapy and 6 patients during maintenance therapy.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Survival of 13 (52%) of 25 patients from the initial episode of cytomegalovirus pneumonia with the regimen of ganciclovir and cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin is significantly better (P less than 0.001) than the survival of 13 of 89 (15%) patients using previous antiviral regimens.
- Subjects
GANCICLOVIR; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS diseases; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; BONE marrow transplantation; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS disease treatment; PULMONARY fibrosis treatment; TREATMENT of surgical complications; ACYCLOVIR; COMBINED modality therapy; CONFIDENCE intervals; CYTOMEGALOVIRUSES; IMMUNIZATION; LONGITUDINAL method; NEUTROPENIA; PULMONARY fibrosis; RESEARCH funding; SURGICAL complications; VIRAL antibodies; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; VIRAL pneumonia; THERAPEUTICS
- Publication
Annals of Internal Medicine, 1988, Vol 109, Issue 10, p783
- ISSN
0003-4819
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.7326/0003-4819-109-10-783