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- Title
Effect of replacement of fish oil with camelina (<i>Camelina sativa</i>) oil on growth, lipid class and fatty acid composition of farmed juvenile Atlantic cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>)
- Authors
Hixson, Stefanie M.; Parrish, Christopher C.; Anderson, Derek M.
- Abstract
Camelina ( Camelina sativa) oil was tested as a replacement for fish oil in diets for farmed Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua). Camelina differs from other plant oilseeds previously used in aquaculture with high lipid (40 %), α-linolenic acid (40 %), antioxidants and low proportions of saturated fats. Dietary treatments were fed to cod (19 g fish −1 initial weight) for 9 weeks and included a fish oil control (FO), 40 % (CO40) and 80 % (CO80) replacement of fish oil with camelina oil. There was no effect of replacing fish oil with camelina oil included at levels up to 80 % on the growth performance. Cod fed CO80 stored more lipid in the liver ( p < 0.01), including more neutral lipid ( p < 0.05) and triacylglycerol ( p < 0.05). Cod fed CO80 decreased in total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in muscle compared to CO40 and FO ( p < 0.05), increased in monounsaturated fatty acids ( p < 0.01), decreased in total ω3 fatty acids (FO > CO40 > CO80; p < 0.01) and increased in total ω6 fatty acids (FO < CO40 < CO80; p < 0.01). In the liver, long-chain (LC) PUFA such as 20:4ω6, 20:5ω3, 22:5ω3 and 22:6ω3 decreased when fish oil was removed from the diet ( p < 0.05), and increased in 18-carbon fatty acids ( p < 0.01). Camelina oil can reduce the amount of fish oil needed to meet lipid requirements, although replacing 80 % of fish oil reduced LC PUFAs in both tissues. A comparison of BF 3 and H 2SO 4 as catalysts to transmethylate cod liver and muscle lipids revealed small but significant differences in some fatty acid proportions.
- Subjects
FISH oils; CAMELINA; FISH growth; LIPIDS; FATTY acids; ATLANTIC cod; OILSEEDS
- Publication
Fish Physiology & Biochemistry, 2013, Vol 39, Issue 6, p1441
- ISSN
0920-1742
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10695-013-9798-2