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- Title
Growth and frost hardening of European aspen and backcross hybrid aspen as influenced by water and nitrogen.
- Authors
Nikula, Suvi; Manninen, Sirkku; Pulkkinen, Pertti
- Abstract
• Introduction: The interactive effects of water and nitrogen (N) on frost hardiness are not well known in broad-leaved trees. Furthermore, new environmental conditions may favour naturally generated hybrids between native and introduced tree species over native species. • Methods: A greenhouse experiment with freezing tests was carried out to study how water (low, medium, high) and N (low, high) supply influence the growth, bud phenology and frost hardening of seven young European aspen ( Populus tremula) and backcross hybrid aspen ([ P. tremula × Populus tremuloides] × P. tremula) families. • Results: The native European aspen grew faster, whereas hybrid aspen × aspen frost hardened faster and exhibited better overall frost hardiness and earlier budburst. Hybrid aspen × aspen also showed intraspecific variation in frost hardiness. The two species showed similar responses to different water and N supplies, and both species were more affected by changes in N supply than in water supply. Higher N supply-especially when combined with drought-delayed frost hardening, an effect that was more pronounced in European aspen. • Conclusions: The results suggest that backcross hybrid aspen may in some respects be better adapted to a range of environmental conditions than the native species.
- Subjects
ASPEN (Colo.); COLORADO; FROST; PHENOLOGY; POPULUS tremuloides
- Publication
Annals of Forest Science (BioMed Central), 2011, Vol 68, Issue 4, p737
- ISSN
1286-4560
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s13595-011-0090-2