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- Title
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Focus on New Biomarkers and Lifestyle Interventions.
- Authors
Notarnicola, Maria; Osella, Alberto Ruben; Caruso, Maria Gabriella; Pesole, Pasqua Letizia; Lippolis, Antonio; Tutino, Valeria; Bonfiglio, Caterina; De Nunzio, Valentina; Scavo, Maria Principia; Mirizzi, Antonella; Franco, Isabella; Lippolis, Tamara; D'Alessandro, Rosalba; Refolo, Maria Grazia; Messa, Caterina
- Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, characterized from pathological changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Its main characteristics are excessive lipid accumulation and oxidative stress, which create a lipotoxic environment in hepatocytes leading to liver injury. Recently, many studies have focused on the identification of the genetic and epigenetic modifications that also contribute to NAFLD pathogenesis and their prognostic implications. The present review is aimed to discuss on cellular and metabolic alterations associated with NAFLD, which can be helpful to identify new noninvasive biomarkers. The identification of accumulated lipids in the cell membranes, as well as circulating cytokeratins and exosomes, provides new insights in understanding of NAFLD. This review also suggests that lifestyle modifications remain the main prevention and/or treatment for NAFLD.
- Subjects
NON-alcoholic fatty liver disease; PATHOLOGICAL physiology; LIPID metabolism; BIOMARKERS; CARBOHYDRATE metabolism
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, Vol 22, Issue 8, p3899
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms22083899