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- Title
Weighted Baseball Training Affects Arm Speed Without Increasing Elbow and Shoulder Joint Kinetics.
- Authors
O'Connell, Michael E.; Lindley, Kyle E.; Scheffey, John O.; Caravan, Alex; Marsh, Joseph A.; Brady, Anthony C.
- Abstract
Long-term training effects of weighted ball throwing programs have been well documented. However, the mechanisms that facilitate these effects are poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to investigate within-session effects of throwing overload and underload baseballs to provide mechanistic evidence for weighted baseball training methods. Twenty-six collegiate- and professional-level baseball pitchers aged 20–30 years (mean age 23.5 [2.7] y) participated in a biomechanical evaluation while pitching a series of leather weighted baseballs. A 1-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to evaluate the intrasubject effect of ball weight on a total of 15 kinematic, kinetic, and performance parameters. Ball weight significantly affected pitch velocity, maximum elbow flexion, maximum pelvis rotation velocity, maximum shoulder internal rotation velocity, maximum elbow extension velocity, and anterior trunk tilt at ball release. None of the measured arm joint kinetics were significantly affected by ball weight. Training with 3- to 7-ounce (85- to 198-g) baseballs can be used to work on increasing pitching velocity without increasing throwing arm joint kinetics.
- Subjects
ARM physiology; BASEBALL; TORQUE; SHOULDER joint; RANGE of motion of joints; ONE-way analysis of variance; PHYSICAL training &; conditioning; THROWING (Sports); DYNAMICS; CRONBACH'S alpha; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; REPEATED measures design; ROTATIONAL motion; BIOMECHANICS; MOTION capture (Human mechanics); KINEMATICS
- Publication
Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 2022, Vol 38, Issue 5, p281
- ISSN
1065-8483
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1123/jab.2021-0339