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- Title
Annual and seasonal trends in cow's milk quality determined by FT-MIR spectroscopy in Hungary between 2011 and 2020.
- Authors
Kocsis, Róbert; Süle, Judit; Nagy, Péter; Gál, Judit; Tardy, Emília; Császár, Gábor; Rácz, Bence
- Abstract
We analysed and monitored the major chemical composition of cow's bulk milk by Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy over a 10-year period in the whole territory of Hungary. In addition, the two most important key parameters for milk quality assessment, total bacterial count (TBC) and somatic cell count (SCC) were also followed. Production parameters showed significant seasonal and yearly changes. The overall mean fat, protein, lactose and solids-non-fat (SNF) contents of cow's milk were 3.81%, 3.32%, 4.74% and 8.76%, respectively. A circannual variation was observed in the chemical composition and yield of milk components of samples examined between 2011 and 2020. Concerning milk fat, milk protein and SNF, the values were the lowest in summer and the highest in winter. In the case of lactose, the minimum values were measured in autumn and the maximum values in spring. An obvious trend of long-term elevation of lactose and SNF was found in the raw cow milk samples over the observed period. The overall mean TBC and SCC of cow's milk were 52 × 103 CFU ml−1 and 270 × 103 cells/ml, respectively. Although there were differences in the monthly average values, no seasonal cyclicality was observed.
- Subjects
HUNGARY; MILK quality; MILK proteins; COWS; RAW milk; SEASONS; SPRING; CAMEL milk; MILKFAT
- Publication
Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, 2022, Vol 70, Issue 3, p207
- ISSN
0236-6290
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1556/004.2022.00019