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- Title
Dietary Capsaicin Reduces Obesity-induced Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis in Obese Mice Fed a High-fat Diet.
- Authors
Ji-Hye Kang; Tsuyoshi, Goto; In-Seob Han; Kawada, Teruo; Young Min Kim; Yu, Rina
- Abstract
Obesity-induced inflammation contributes to the development of obesity-related metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated whether dietary capsaicin can reduce obesity-induced inflammation and metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Male C57BL/6 obese mice fed a high-fat diet for 10 weeks received a supplement of 0.015% capsaicin for a further 10 weeks and were compared with unsupplemented controls. Glucose intolerance was estimated by glucose tolerance tests. Transcripts of adipocytokine genes and the corresponding proteins were measured by reverse transcription-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and macrophage numbers were determined by flow cytometric analysis. Transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV-1), peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR)-α, and PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) mRNAs were also measured by RT-PCR, and PPARα luciferase assays were performed. Dietary capsaicin lowered fasting glucose, insulin, leptin levels, and markedly reduced the impairment of glucose tolerance in obese mice. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and interleukin (IL)-6 mRNAs and proteins in adipose tissue and liver decreased markedly, as did macrophage infiltration, hepatic triglycerides, and TRPV-1 expression in adipose tissue. At the same time, the mRNA/protein of adiponectin in the adipose tissue and PPARα/PGC-1α mRNA in the liver increased. Moreover, luciferase assays revealed that capsaicin is capable of binding PPARα. Our data suggest that dietary capsaicin may reduce obesity-induced glucose intolerance by not only suppressing inflammatory responses but also enhancing fatty acid oxidation in adipose tissue and/or liver, both of which are important peripheral tissues affecting insulin resistance. The effects of capsaicin in adipose tissue and liver are related to its dual action on PPARα and TRPV-1 expression/activation.
- Subjects
CAPSAICIN; INSULIN resistance; FATTY degeneration; OBESITY in animals; LABORATORY mice; DIET research; FAT; PHYSIOLOGY
- Publication
Obesity (19307381), 2010, Vol 18, Issue 4, p780
- ISSN
1930-7381
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/oby.2009.301