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- Title
Depression Promotes the Onset of Irritable Bowel Syndrome through Unique Dysbiosis in Rats.
- Authors
Takeshi Takajo; Kengo Tomita; Hanae Tsuchihashi; Shingo Enomoto; Masaaki Tanichi; Hiroyuki Toda; Yoshikiyo Okada; Hirotaka Furuhashi; Nao Sugihara; Akinori Wada; Kazuki Horiuchi; Kenichi Inaba; Yoshinori Hanawa; Naoki Shibuya; Kazuhiko Shirakabe; Masaaki Higashiyama; Chie Kurihara; Chikako Watanabe; Shunsuke Komoto; Shigeaki Nagao
- Abstract
Background/Aims: Although studies using conventional animal models have shown that specific stressors cause irri-table bowel syndrome (IBS), it is unclear whether depression itself causes IBS. Our aim was to establish a rat model to determine if depression itself promotes the onset of IBS and to elucidate the role of gut microbiota in brain-gut axis patho-genesis during coincident depression and IBS. Methods: Rat models of depression were induced using our shuttle box method of learned helplessness. Visceral hypersensitivity was evaluated by colorectal distension (CRD) to diagnose IBS. Gut microbiota compositions were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. In the subanalysis of rats without depression-like symptoms, rats with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were also examined. Results: The threshold value of CRD in depressed rats was significantly lower than that in control rats. Microbial community analysis of cecal mi crobiota showed that the relative abundance of Clostridiales incertae sedis, the most prevalent microbe, was significantly lower in depressed rats than in control rats. The distribution pattern of the microbiota clearly differed between depressed rats and control rats. Neither visceral hypersensitivity nor the composition of gut microbiota was altered in rats with PTSD-like phenotypes. Conclusions: Our rat model of depression is useful for clarifying the effect of depression on IBS and sug-gests that depression itself, rather than specific stressors, promotes the onset of IBS. Further, we provided evidence that various psychiatric diseases, viz., depression and PTSD, are associated with unique gut microbiota profiles, which could differentially affect the onset and progression of coinci-dent IBS.
- Subjects
IRRITABLE colon; POST-traumatic stress disorder; RATS; MENTAL illness; MICROBIAL communities
- Publication
Gut & Liver, 2019, Vol 13, Issue 3, p325
- ISSN
1976-2283
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5009/gnl18296